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- For an extensive coverage see 1978 in athletics (track and field)
- September 15 – Muhammad Ali recovers the world's Heavyweight title, beating Leon Spinks by decision in their rematch. It is the first time a boxer wins the world Heavyweight title for a third time.
- March 11 - In an international women's field hockey match at Wembley Stadium, London. England drew with the United States of America: 2-2.
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- For an extensive coverage see 1978 in football (soccer)
- Men's golf
- Women's golf
Speed skating
Events
Records
General sporting events
Awards
Births
January
- January 4 — Dominik Hrbaty, Slovakian tennis player
- January 8 — Lovrenco Franičević, Croatian butterfly swimmer
- January 8 — Gennaro Gattuso, Italian football player
- January 12 — Bonaventure Kalou, Ivorian football (soccer) player
- January 13 — Nenad Buljan, Croatian freestyle swimmer
- January 14 — Eddie Berlin, American football player
- January 14 — Shawn Crawford, American athlete
- January 17 — Petra Mandula, Hungarian tennis player
- January 18 — Thor Hushovd, Norwegian cyclist
- January 18 — Bogdan Lobont, Romanian football (soccer) player
- January 18 — Stev Theloke, German swimmer
- January 19 — Zbigniew Malkowski, Polish football (soccer) player
- January 19 — Megan Sargeant, Australian field hockey player
- January 20 — Lim Jung-Woo, South Korean field hockey player
- January 26 — Corina Morariu, American tennis player
- January 27 — Dipsy Selolwane, Botswana football (soccer) player
- January 28 — Gianluigi Buffon, Italian football (soccer) player
- January 28 — Takumo Sato, Japanese Formula 1-driver
- January 28 — Paul Wettlaufer, Canadian field hockey player
- January 30 — Michael Stember, American track and field athlete
- January 31 — Clemens Arnold, German field hockey goalkeeper
February
March
- March 3 — Núria Camón, Spanish field hockey player
- March 4 — César Morales, Mexican bantamweight boxer
- March 6 — Paola Croce, Italian volleyball player
- March 8 — Johanna Sjöberg, Swedish swimmer
- March 12 — Cristina Teuscher, American swimmer
- March 14 — Pieter van den Hoogenband, Dutch swimmer
- March 17 — Patrick López, Venezuelan boxer
- March 18 — Brooke Hanson, Australian swimmer
- March 18 — Antonio Margarito, Mexican boxer
- March 18 — Yoshie Takeshita, Japanese volleyball player
- March 20 — Egbert Ho, Dutch field hockey midfielder
- March 20 — Julien Sicot, French freestyle swimmer
- March 21 — Ronnie Jagday, Canadian field hockey player
- March 21 — Sally Barsosio, Kenyan distance runner
- March 21 — Anders Lyrbring, Swedish freestyle swimmer
- March 23 — György Kozmann, Hungarian canoer
- March 24 — Eric Pacome N'Dri, Ivorian athlete
- March 26 — Ron van der Hoff, Dutch archer
April
- April 2 — Chiel Warners, Dutch athlete
- April 3 — Tommy Haas, German tennis player
- April 3 — John Smit, South African rugby player
- April 5 — Franziska van Almsick, German swimmer
- April 7 — Lilia Osterloh, American tennis player
- April 7 — Vladimir Voltchkov, Belarusian tennis player
- April 9 — Naman Keita, French track and field athlete
- April 11 — Victor Sikora, Dutch football player
- April 13 — Carles Puyol, Spanish football player
- April 13 — Raemon Sluiter, Dutch tennis player
- April 16 — Noam Okun, Israeli tennis player
- April 17 — Jason White, Scottish rugby player
- April 18 — Jochem de Gruijter, Dutch volleyball player
- April 20 — David Sánchez, Spanish tennis player
- April 20 — Edvaldo Valério, Brazilian freestyle swimmer
- April 24 — Willy Blain, French boxer
- April 26 — Elson Becerra, Colombian football (soccer) player (d. 2006)
- April 29 — Bob and Mike Bryan, American twins and tennis players
May
- May 1 — Tracey Larson, American field hockey midfielder
- May 2 — Matthew Wells, Australian field hockey defender
- May 3 — Dai Tamesue, Japanese athlete
- May 7 — Peter Wessels, Dutch tennis player
- May 8 — Yumilka Ruiz, Cuban volleyball player
- May 8 — Danilo Turcios, Honduran football midfielder
- May 15 — Sue Rolph, British swimmer
- May 17 — Priscila Marques, Brazilian judoka
- May 24 — Caroline Casaretto, German field hockey midfielder
- May 26 — Dan Parks, Scottish rugby union footballer
- May 29 — Sebastien Grosjean, French tennis player
June
- June 1 — Aleksandar Šapić, Serbian water polo player
- June 3 — María Olay, Spanish breaststroke swimmer
- June 7 — Tomás MacCormik, Argentine field hockey midfielder
- June 15 — Wilfred Bouma, Dutch football (soccer) player
- June 18 — Pablo ("Pol") Amat Escudé, Spanish field hockey striker
- June 19 — Dirk Nowitzki, German basketball player
- June 20 — Héctor Soto, Puerto Rican volleyball player
- June 22 — José Meolans, Argentinian swimmer
- June 24 — Shunsuke Nakamura, Japanese football player
- June 24 — Juan Román Riquelme, Argentinian football (soccer) player
- June 25 — Miki Nakao, Japanese backstroke swimmer
- June 26 — Mark Veens, Dutch swimmer
July
- July 1 — Vladimer Tchanturia, Georgian boxer
- July 4 — Fatima Moreira de Melo, Dutch field hockey player
- July 4 — Peter Mankoc, Slovenian swimmer
- July 6 — Aiko Miyake, Japanese freestyle swimmer
- July 7 — Jana Toepel, American field hockey midfielder
- July 8 — Urmas Rooba, Estonian football (soccer) defender
- July 10 — Clarence Vinson, American boxer
- July 11 — Massimiliano Rosolino, Italian swimmer
- July 12 — Florien Cornelis, Dutch field hockey player
- July 15 — Kim Baker, Canadian field hockey player
- July 18 — Shane Horgan, Irish rugby player
- July 18 — Ben Sheets, American baseball player
- July 21 — Kyoko Iwasaki, Japanese breaststroke swimmer
- July 22 — Ishe Smith, American boxer
- July 23 — Takashi Yamamoto, Japanese swimmer
- July 26 — David Kosoof, New Zealand field hockey player
- July 29 — Joseph Batangdon, Cameroonian sprints athlete
- July 29 — Caroline Jack, South African field hockey goalkeeper
August
- August 5 — Matias Cammareri, Argentine field hockey midfielder
- August 5 — Kim Gevaert, Belgian athlete
- August 5 — Harel Levy, Israeli tennis player
- August 8 — Ioan Gherghel, Romanian butterfly swimmer
- August 9 — Wesley Sonck, Belgian football (soccer) player
- August 11 — Jermain Taylor, American boxer
- August 12 — Jesse Mahieu, Dutch field hockey player
- August 14 — Marcel Fischer, Swiss fencer
- August 17 — Mehdi Baala, French middle-distance athlete
- August 20 — Alberto Martin, Spanish tennis player
- August 22 — Kutre Dulecha, Ethiopian middle distance runner
- August 23 — Kobe Bryant, American basketball player
- August 23 — Georgi Chilikov, Bulgarian football (soccer) player
- August 24 — José Antonio Hermida, Spanish cyclist
- August 26 — Hestrie Cloete, South African high jumper
- August 29 — Jens Boden, German speed skater
September
- September 2 — Pietie Coetzee, South African field hockey striker
- September 3 — Sam Oud, Dutch canoer
- September 6 — Amy Agulay, Canadian field hockey player
- September 10 — Jyoti Sunita Kullu, Indian field hockey player
- September 11 — Robert Cheboror, Kenyan long-distance runner
- September 12 — Eri Yamanoi, Japanese freestyle swimmer
- September 13 — Jill Orbinson, Irish field hockey midfielder
- September 13 — Elisabeth Willebroordse, Dutch female judoka
- September 15 — Kew Jaliens, Dutch football (soccer) player
- September 20 — Sophie Simard, German-born swimmer from Canada
- September 21 — Alexander Heath, South African alpine skier
- September 24 — Wietse van Alten, Dutch archer
- September 25 — Laura Nicholls, Canadian freestyle swimmer
- September 26 — Gert-Jan Liefers, Dutch athlete
- September 26 — Judith Meulendijks, Dutch badminton player
- September 29 — Karel Klaver, Dutch field hockey player
October
- October 3 — Claudio Pizarro, Peruvian football (soccer) striker
- October 4 — Daniël Mensch, Dutch rower
- October 8 — Agustin Fiorilli, Argentinian swimmer
- October 8 — Ewout Holst, Dutch swimmer
- October 9 — Jacob Carstensen, Danish swimmer
- October 9 — Kristy Kowal, American swimmer
- October 10 — Caroline Evers-Swindell, New Zealand rower
- October 14 — Paul Hunter, British snooker player
- October 15 — Eleonora Dziekiewicz, Polish volleyball player
- October 16 — Andria Shannon, Canadian field hockey player
- October 19 — Ruslan Chagaev, Uzbek boxer
- October 20 — Virender Sehwag, Indian cricketer
- October 22 — Ricardo Monasterio, Venezuelan freestyle swimmer
- October 25 — Matt Shirvington, Australian athlete
- October 28 — Juan Manuel Esparis, Argentine field hockey forward
- October 29 — Alwin de Prins, Luxembourgish swimmer
- October 31 — Emmanuel Izonritei, Nigerian boxer
- October 31 — Martin Verkerk, Dutch tennis player
November
- November 1 — Cleiton Conceição, Brazilian boxer
- November 1 — Andrew Smith, Australian field hockey striker
- November 2 — Christian Gyan, Ghanaian football player
- November 2 — Alexander Östlund, Swedish football player
- November 4 — Bertha Sánchez, Colombian long-distance runner
- November 6 — Dean Kent, New Zealand swimmer
- November 7 — Elisabeth Bachman, American volleyball player
- November 7 — Jan Vennegoor of Hesselink, Dutch football player
- November 8 — Tim de Cler, Dutch football player
- November 11 — Michael Halika, Israeli medley swimmer
- November 11 — Silke Müller, German field hockey midfielder
- November 12 — Eric Addo, Ghanaian football player
- November 12 — Nancy Metcalf, American volleyball player
- November 15 — Paul Miller, Australian boxer
- November 22 — Magdalena Grzybowska, Polish tennis player
- November 22 — Francis Obikwelu, Nigerian-born athlete
- November 25 — Sameer Dad, Indian field hockey forward
- November 25 — Nate Dusing, American swimmer
- November 27 — Radek Štěpánek, Czech tennis player
- November 29 — Heather Bown, American volleyball player
- November 30 — Chris Thompson, American freestyle swimmer
December
- December 2 — Sven Coster, Dutch sailor
- December 2 — Louisa Walter, German field hockey goalkeeper
- December 7 — Déborah Gyurscek, Uruguayan pole vaulter
- December 9 — Gastón Gaudio, Argentinian tennis player
- December 10 — Tatiana Lemos, Brazilian freestyle swimmer
- December 12 — Kassim Ouma, Ugandan boxer
- December 14 — Patty Schnyder, Swiss tennis player
- December 15 — Christophe Rochus, Belgian tennis player
- December 16 — Rachel Imison, Australian field hockey goalkeeper
- December 18 — Marcelo Tomazini, Brazilian breaststroke swimmer
- December 20 — Lechedzani Luza, Botswanan boxer
- December 21 — Emiliano Brembilla, Italian swimmer
- December 21 — Rodrigo Castro, Brazilian swimmer
- December 21 — Kelli Gannon, US field hockey midfield player
- December 21 — Jackie Stiles, WNBA player
- December 22 — Kristal Timmer, Canadian field hockey player
- December 27 — Antje Buschschulte, German swimmer
- December 29 — Kieron Dyer, English football player
- December 29 — Wayne Fernandes, Canadian field hockey player
- December 29 — Brian Pinas, Dutch football player
Deaths
- January 13 — Joe McCarthy, baseball manager
- January 14 — Harold Abrahams (78), British athlete (b. 1899)
- January 21 — Dit Clapper, NHL player, Boston Bruins
- February 9 — Hans Stuck (77), German racing driver (b. 1900)
- March 20 — Jacques Brugnon, French tennis player (b. 1895)
- March 27 — Sverre Farstad, Norwegian speed skater (b. 1920)
- September 3 — Alexander Belov (26), USSR Olympic basketball player
- September 6 — Max Décugis (95), French tennis player (b. 1882)
- September 15 — Ricardo Zamora (77), Spanish football player
- September 23 — Lyman Bostock, Major League Baseball player
- November 28 — Fernando Peyroteo (60), Angola-born Portuguese football player (b. 1918)de:Sportjahr 1978
fr:1978 en sport he:1978 בספורט ja:1978年のスポーツ sv:Sportåret 1978
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