1994 in science

The year 1994 in science and technology involved many significant events, listed below.

Astronomy and space exploration

• July 16-July 22 - The fragments of Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 impact the planet Jupiter
• July 21 R. Ibata, M. Irwin, and G. Gilmore discover the Sagittarius Dwarf Elliptical Galaxy, a satellite galaxy of the Milky Way. It was considered the closest galaxy to the Milky Way from its discovery until 2003. [1]
• October 12 - NASA lost contact with the Magellan spacecraft after a successful mission. The probe crashed into Venus shortly after.

Archaeology

• March 31 - The journal Nature reports the finding in Ethiopia of the first complete Australopithecus afarensis skull (see Human evolution).

Technology

• May 6 - The Channel Tunnel, which took 15,000 workers over seven years to complete, opens between England and France. Travelers can now travel between the two countries in 35 minutes.

Awards

• Fields Prize in Mathematics: Efim Isakovich Zelmanov, Pierre-Louis Lions, Jean Bourgain and Jean-Christophe Yoccoz
• Nobel Prizes
  • Physics - Bertram N. Brockhouse, Clifford G. Shull
  • Chemistry - George A. Olah
  • Medicine - Alfred G. Gilman, Martin Rodbell
• Turing Award - Edward Feigenbaum, Raj Reddy
• Wollaston Medal for Geology - William Jason Morgan

Births

Deaths

• January 25 - Stephen Cole Kleene (b. 1909), mathematician.
• July 29 - Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin (b. 1910), chemist.
• August 19 - Linus Pauling (b. 1901), American chemist.fr:1994 en science

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