| Afonso VI |
King of Portugal
and the Algarves
of either side of the sea in Africa |
 |
| Reign |
November 6, 1656—September 12, 1683
(under the regency of Luisa of Medina-Sidonia until 1662)
(under the regency of Infante Pedro, Duke of Beja (future Peter II) from November 24, 1667) |
| Investiture |
November 15, 1657 in Lisbon |
| Full name |
Afonso de Bragança |
| Titles |
Infante of Portugal (1643–1653)
Prince of Brazil (1653–1656)
Duke of Braganza, Duke of Barcelos, Marquess of Vila Viçosa, Count of Arraiolos, Count of Ourém, Count of Barcelos and Count of Neiva (1653–1656)
Lord of Guinea (1656–1683)
Lord of the Conquest, Navigation and Commerce of Ethiopia, Arabia, Persia and India (1656–1683) |
| Born |
August 21, 1643 |
|
Ribeira Palace, Lisbon, Kingdom of Portugal |
| Died |
September 12, 1683 |
|
Royal Palace of Cintra, Cintra, Kingdom of Portugal |
| Buried |
Dynasty of Braganza Royal Pantheon, Monastery of São Vicente de Fora, Lisbon, District of Lisbon, Portugal |
| Predecessor |
John IV of Portugal |
Heir
brother |
Infante Pedro, Duke of Beja (future Peter II) |
| Successor |
Peter II of Portugal |
| Consort |
Marie Françoise of Savoy, Princess of Nemours |
| Issue |
no issue |
| Royal House |
House of Braganza |
| Dynasty |
Dynasty of Braganza (Brigantine Dynasty) |
| Father |
John IV of Portugal |
| Mother |
Luisa of Medina-Sidonia (Luisa de Guzmán) |
|
Portuguese Royalty
House of Braganza
|
|
|
| John IV |
| Children include |
| Teodósio, Prince of Brazil |
| Joana, Princess of Beira |
| Infanta Catarina, Queen of England |
| Afonso, Prince of Brazil (future Afonso VI) |
| Infante Pedro, Duke of Beja (future Peter II) |
| Afonso VI |
| Peter II |
| Children include |
| Isabel Luísa, Princess of Beira |
| João, Prince of Brazil (future John V) |
| Infante Francisco, Duke of Beja |
| Infante António |
| Infante Manuel, Count of Ourém |
| Infanta Francisca |
| Luísa, Duchess of Cadaval (natural daughter) |
| José, Archbishop of Braga (natural son) |
| John V |
| Children include |
| Infanta Bárbara, Queen of Spain |
| José, Prince of Brazil and Duke of Braganza (future Joseph I) |
| Pedro, Prince of Brazil and Duke of Braganza (future Peter III) |
| Joseph I |
| Children include |
| Maria Francisca, Princess of Brazil (future Maria I) |
| Infanta Mariana Francisca |
| Infanta Doroteia |
| Benedita, Dowager Princess of Brazil |
| Maria I and Peter III |
| Children include |
| José, Prince of Brazil |
| João, Prince Royal and Duke of Braganza (future John VI) |
| Infanta Mariana Vitória |
| John VI |
| Children include |
| Maria Teresa, Princess of Beira |
| Infanta Maria Isabel, Queen of Spain |
| Infante Pedro, Prince Royal and Duke of Braganza (future Pedro IV of Portugal and I of Brazil) |
| Infanta Maria Francisca |
| Infanta Isabel Maria |
| Infante Miguel, Duke of Braganza (future Miguel I) |
| Infanta Maria da Assunção |
| Infanta Ana de Jesus Maria, Marchioness of Loulé |
| Pedro IV (I of Brazil) |
| Children include |
| Infanta Maria da Glória, Duchess of Porto (future Maria II) |
| Januária, Princess Imperial of Brazil |
| Princess Francisca, Princess de Joinville |
| Prince Pedro (Pedro II of Brazil) |
| Michael I |
| Children include |
| Infanta Maria das Neves, Duchess of San Jaime |
| Miguel II, Duke of Braganza |
| Infanta Teresa, Archduchess of Austria |
| Infanta Maria José, Duchess in Bavaria |
| Infanta Adelgundes, Duchess of Guimarães, Countess di Bardi |
| Infanta Maria Ana, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg |
| Infanta Maria Antónia, Duchess of Parma |
| Grandchildren include |
| Duarte Nuno, Duke of Braganza |
| Great-Grandchildren include |
| Duarte Pio, Duke of Braganza |
| Infante Miguel, Duke of Viseu |
| Infante Henrique, Duke of Coimbra |
| Great-Great-Grandchildren include |
| Afonso, Prince of Beira |
| Infanta Maria Francisca |
| Infante Dinis, Duke of Porto |
| Maria II and Ferdinand II |
| Children include |
| Pedro, Duke of Braganza (future Pedro V) |
| Infante Luís, Duke of Porto (future Luís I) |
| Infante João, Duke of Beja |
| Infanta Maria Ana, Princess of Saxony |
| Infanta Antónia, Princess of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen |
| Infante Augusto, Duke of Coimbra |
| Grandchildren include |
| Carlos, Duke of Braganza (future Carlos I) |
| Great-grandchildren include |
| Luís Filipe, Duke of Braganza |
| Infante Manuel, Duke of Beja (future Manuel II) |
|
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Afonso VI (Portuguese, pronounced [ɐˈfõsu]; English Alphonzo or Alphonse), or Affonso (Old Portuguese), (August 21, 1643 – September 12, 1683) was the twenty-second (or twenty-third according to some historians) king of Portugal and the Algarves, the second of the House of Braganza, known as "the Victorious" (Portuguese o Vitorioso).
At the age of three, Afonso suffered an illness that left him paralyzed on the left side of his body, as well as leaving him mentally unstable. His father created him 11th Duke of Braganza.
After the 1653 death of his eldest brother Teodosio, Prince of Brazil, Afonso became the heir-apparent to the throne of the kingdom. He received also the crown-princely title 2nd Prince of Brazil.
He succeeded his father (João IV) in 1656 at the age of thirteen. His mother, (Luisa of Medina-Sidonia) was named regent in his father's will. His mental instability and paralysis, plus his disinterest in government, left his mother as regent for six years, until 1662. Luisa oversaw military victories over the Spanish at Ameixial (June 8 1663) and Montes Claros (June 17 1665), culminating in the final Spanish recognition of Portugal's independence on February 13 1668 in the Treaty of Lisbon. Colonial affairs saw the Dutch conquest of Jaffnapatam, Portugal's last colony in Sri Lanka (1658) and the cession of Bombay and Tangier to England (June 23, 1661) as dowry for Afonso's sister, Catherine of Braganza who had married King Charles II of England. English mediation in 1661 saw the Netherlands acknowledge Portuguese rule of Brazil in return for uncontested control of Sri Lanka.
In 1662, the Count of Castelo Melhor saw an opportunity to gain power at court by befriending the king. He managed to convince the king that his mother was out to steal his throne and exile him from Portugal. As a result, Afonso took control of the throne and his mother was sent to a convent.
He was married to Marie Françoise of Nemours, the daughter of the Duke of Nemours, in 1666, but this marriage would not last long. Marie Françoise, or Maria Francisca in Portuguese, filled for an annulment in 1667 based on the impotence of the king. The Church granted her the annulment, and she married Afonso's brother, Pedro, Duke of Beja, (future (Peter II)). That same year, Pedro managed to gain enough support to force the king to relinquish control of the government and he became Prince Regent. Afonso was exiled to the island of Terceira in the Azores for seven years, returning to mainland Portugal shortly before he died at Sintra in 1683.
His trial is the base for José Mário Grilo's 1990 film, The King's Trial (O Processo do Rei).
Ancestors
References
ar:ألفونسو السادس ملك البرتغال
ca:Alfons VI de Portugal de:Alfons VI. (Portugal) el:Αλφόνσος ΣΤ' της Πορτογαλίας es:Alfonso VI de Portugal fr:Alphonse VI de Portugal it:Alfonso VI di Portogallo he:אפונסו השישי, מלך פורטוגל ka:აფონსუ VI (პორტუგალია) nl:Alfons VI van Portugal ja:アフォンソ6世 (ポルトガル王) pl:Alfons VI (król Portugalii) pt:Afonso VI de Portugal fi:Alfons VI (Portugali) sv:Alfons VI av Portugal
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