Bunka

For the embroidery technique, see Bunka shishu.

Bunka (文化, Bunka^?) was a Japanese era name (年号,, nengō,^?, lit. "year name") after Kyōwa and before Bunsei. The period spanned the years from 1804 to 1818. The reigning emperors were Kōkaku-tennō (光格天皇, Kōkaku-tennō^?) and Ninkō-Tennō (仁孝天皇, Ninkō-Tennō^?).

Change of era

• Bunka gannen (文化元年, Bunka gannen^?); (February 11, 1804): The new era name of Bunka ( meaning "Culture" or "Civilization") was created to mark the start of a new cycle of the Chinese zodiac. The previous era ended and a new one commenced in Kyōwa 4, on the 11th day of the 2nd month.

Events of the Bunka era

• Bunka 1 (1804): Daigaku-no-kami Hayashi Jussai (1768-1841) explained the shogunate foreign policy to Emperor Kōkaku in Kyoto.^[1]
  • Bunka 2 (June 1805): Genpaku Sugita (1733-1817) is granted an audience with Shogun Ienari to explain differences between traditional medical knowledge and Western medical knowledge.^[2]
    • Bunka 7 (September 25, 1810): Earthquake in northern Honshu (Latitude: 39.900/Longitude: 139.900), 6.6 magnitude on the Richter Scale.^[3]...Click link for NOAA/Japan: Significant Earthquake Database
      • Bunka 1 (December 7, 1812): Earthquake in Honshu (Latitude: 35.400/Longitude: 139.600), 6.6 magnitude on the Richter Scale.^[3]
        • Bunka 14 (1817): Emperor Kokaku travelled in procession to Sento Imperial Palace, a palace of an abdicated emperor. The Sento Palace at that time was called Sakura Machi Palace. It had been built by the Tokugawa Shogunate for former-Emperor Go-Mizunoo.^[4]

          References

          1. ^ Cullen, L.M. (2003). A History of Japan, 1582-1941: Internal and External Worlds, pp. 117, 163.
          2. ^ Sugita Genpaku. (1969). Dawn of Western Science in Japan: Rangaku Kotohajime, p. xvi.
          3. ^ ^{a b} Online "Significant Earthquake Database" -- U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC)
          4. ^ National Ditigial Archives of Japan, ...see caption describing image of scroll

          
          

          
          

          • Cullen, L.M. (2003). A History of Japan, 1582-1941: Internal and External Worlds. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-82115-X (cloth) ISBN 0-521-529918-2 (paper)
          • Sugita Genpaku. (1969). Dawn of Western Science in Japan: Rangaku Kotohajime. Tokyo: Hokuseido Press. ISBN 0-8934-6061-3 (reprint)

          External links

          • National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection
          • National Archives of Japan Sakuramachiden Gyokozu, 1
          • National Archives of Japan Sakuramachiden Gyokozu, 2

          
          

          Bunka	1st	2nd	3rd	4th	5th	6th	7th	8th	9th	10th	11th	12th	13th	14th	15th
          Gregorian	1804	1805	1806	1807	1808	1809	1810	1811	1812	1813	1814	1815	1816	1817	1818

          Preceded by: Kyōwa

          Era or nengō: Bunka

          Succeeded by: Bunsei

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          ja:文化 (元号)