Carme (moon)

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Categories: Jupiter's moons | Irregular satellites

There is also an asteroid named 558 Carmen

**Carme**
Discovery
Discovered by	S. B. Nicholson
Discovery date	July 30, 1938^[1]
Orbital characteristics
Mean orbit radius	23.4 million km^[3]
Eccentricity	0.25^[3]
Orbital period	702.28 d (2.045 a)^[3]
Average orbital speed	2.253 km/s
Inclination	164.91° (to the ecliptic) 167.53° (to Jupiter's equator)^[3]
Satellite of	Jupiter
Physical characteristics
Mean radius	23 km
Surface area	~6600 km²
Volume	~51,000 km³
Mass	1.3×10¹⁷ kg
Mean density	2.6 g/cm³ (assumed)
Equatorial surface gravity	~0.017 m/s² (0.0017 g)
Escape velocity	~0.028 km/s
Albedo	0.04 (assumed)
Temperature	~124 K

Carme (kar'-mee, IPA: /ˈkɑrmi/; Greek Κάρμη) is a retrograde irregular satellite of Jupiter. It was discovered by Seth Barnes Nicholson at Mount Wilson Observatory in California in July 1938.^[1] It is named after the mythological Carme, mother by Zeus of Britomartis, a Cretan goddess.

Carme did not receive its present name until 1975;^[4] before then, it was simply known as Jupiter XI. It was sometimes called "Pan"^[5] between 1955 and 1975. Note that Pan is now the name of a satellite of Saturn.

It gives its name to the Carme group, made up of irregular retrograde moons orbiting Jupiter at a distance ranging between 23 and 24 Gm and at an inclination of about 165°. Its orbital elements are as of January 2000.^[3] They are continuously changing due to Solar and planetary perturbations.

References

^ ^a ^b Nicholson, S. B. (1938). "Two New Satellites of Jupiter". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific 50: pp.292–293.
^ [1]
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Jacobson, R. A. (2000). "The Orbits of Outer Jovian Satellites". Astronomical Journal 120: pp.2679-2686. doi:10.1086/316817.
^ IAUC 2846: Satellites of Jupiter 1974 October 7 (naming the moon)
^ Payne-Gaposchkin, Cecilia; Katherine Haramundanis (1970). Introduction to Astronomy. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall. ISBN 0-134-78107-4.

External links

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Moons of Jupiter

Listed in increasing distance from Jupiter. Temporary names in italics.

Inner moons

Metis · Adrastea · Amalthea · Thebe

Galilean moons

Io · Europa · Ganymede · Callisto

Themisto

Himalia group

Leda · Himalia · Lysithea · Elara · S/2000 J 11

Carpo · S/2003 J 12

Ananke group

core	Ananke · Praxidike · Harpalyke · Iocaste · Euanthe · Thyone
peripheral	Euporie · S/2003 J 3 · S/2003 J 18 · Thelxinoe · Helike · Orthosie · S/2003 J 16 · Hermippe · Mneme · S/2003 J 15

Carme group

S/2003 J 17 · S/2003 J 10 · Pasithee · Chaldene · Arche · Isonoe · Erinome · Kale · Aitne · Taygete · S/2003 J 9 · Carme · S/2003 J 5 · S/2003 J 19 · Kalyke · Eukelade · Kallichore

Pasiphaë group