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Charles Spencer, 3rd Duke of Marlborough, 5th Earl of Sunderland KG, PC (22 November, 1706 – 20 October, 1758) was a British politician of the 18th century.

He was the second son of Charles Spencer, 3rd Earl of Sunderland and Lady Anne Churchill, the second daughter of John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough and his wife Sarah Churchill, Duchess of Marlborough.

Charles inherited the Sunderland title from his older brother in 1729, becoming 5th Earl of Sunderland, and then the Marlborough title from his aunt, Henrietta, 2nd Duchess of Marlborough in 1733.

He was one of the original governors of London's Foundling Hospital, the foundation of which in 1739 marked a watershed in British child care advocacy and attitudes. He led the British expeditionary force on Continental Europe in the early part of the Seven Years' War, but died in 1758, leaving command to John Manners, Marquess of Granby.

[edit] Children

He married Elizabeth Trevor, daughter of Thomas Trevor, 2nd Baron Trevor. They had four children:

• George Spencer, 4th Duke of Marlborough (26 January, 1739 - 29 January, 1817).
• Charles Spencer (31 March, 1740 - 16 June, 1820).
• Lady Diana Spencer (d. 1808). Married first Frederick St John, 2nd Viscount Bolingbroke and secondly Topham Beauclerk.
• Lady Elizabeth Spencer (d. 30 April, 1831). Married Henry Herbert, 10th Earl of Pembroke.

Honorary titles
Preceded by The Viscount Cobham	Lord Lieutenant of Buckinghamshire 1739–1758	Succeeded by The Earl Temple
Preceded by The Earl of Godolphin	Lord Lieutenant of Oxfordshire 1739–1758	Vacant Title next held by The Duke of Marlborough
Political offices
Preceded by The Duke of Devonshire	Lord Steward 1749–1755	Succeeded by The Duke of Rutland
Preceded by The 1st Earl Gower	Lord Privy Seal 1755	Succeeded by The 2nd Earl Gower
Military offices
Preceded by The Duke of Montagu	Master-General of the Ordnance 1755–1758	Vacant Title next held by The Viscount Ligonier
Peerage of England
Preceded by Henrietta Godolphin	Duke of Marlborough 1733–1758	Succeeded by George Spencer
Preceded by Robert Spencer	Earl of Sunderland 1729–1758

de:Charles Spencer, 3. Herzog von Marlborough

pt:Charles Spencer, 3.° Duque de Marlborough