Jōkyō

Jōkyō (貞享, Jōkyō^?) was a Japanese era name (年号,, nengō,^?, lit. "year name") after Tenna and before Genroku. This period spanned the years from 1684 through 1688. The reigning emperors were Reigen-tennō (霊元天皇, Reigen-tennō^?) and Higashiyama-tennō (東山天皇, Higashiyama-tennō^?).^[1]

Change of era

• Jōkyō gannen (貞享元年, Jōkyō gannen^?); 1684: The new era of Jōkyō (meaning "Taking Righteousness") was created to mark the start of a new cycle of the Chinese zodiac. The previous era ended and the new one commenced in Tenna 4, on the 21st day of the 2nd month.

Events of the Jōkyō era

• Jōkyō 1 (1684): A fire burned the Imperial palace to ashes; and the reconstruction would take a year.^[2]
  • Jōkyō 1 (1684): Having met with success in Osaka's kabuki theater, Chikamatsu Monzaemon begans to write plays for the kabuki audience in Heian-kyō; and in part, his success will stem from the way his work would sometimes mirror current happenings and contemporary urban characters.^[3]
    • Jōkyō 2, on the 22nd day of the 2nd month (1685): The former-Emperor Go-Sai died; and a large comet appeared in the night sky.^[1]
      • Jōkyō 3, on the 21st day of the 3rd month (1687): Emperor Reigen abdicates in favor of his son, who will become Emperor Higashiyama.^[1] After abdication, Reigen's new home will be called the Sentō-gosho (the palace for an ex-Emperor).^[2]
        • Jōkyō 4, on the 16th day of the 11th month (December 20, 1688): The esoteric Daijō-sai ceremony, having been in abeyane since the time of Emperor Go-Kashiwabara -- for nine reigns -- was revived because of the bakufu's insistance.^[4] This Shinto ritual is performed only once by emperor in the period of the enthronement ceremonies.^[5]

          References

          1. ^ ^{a b c} Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Annales des empereurs du japon, p. 415.
          2. ^ ^{a b} Ponsonby-Fane, Richard. (1956). Kyoto: The Old Capital of Japan, 794-1869, p. 342.
          3. ^ Calvet, Robert. (2003). Les Japonais, p. 182.
          4. ^ Ponsonby-Fane, p. 318.
          5. ^ Bock, Felicia G. (1990). "The Great Feast of the Enthronement," Monumenta Nipponica, Vol. 45, No. 1, pp. 27-38.

          
          

          
          

          • Bock, Felicia G. (1990). "The Great Feast of the Enthronement," Monumenta Nipponica, Vol. 45, No. 1.
          • Calvert, Robert. (2003). Les Japonais: Histoire d'un peuple. Paris: Armand Colin. ISBN 2-200-26317-1
          • Ponsonby-Fane, Richard A.B. (1956). Kyoto: The Old Capital of Japan, 794-1869. Kyoto: Ponsonby Memorial Society.
          • Screech, Timon. (2006). Secret Memoirs of the Shoguns: Isaac Titsingh and Japan, 1779-1822. London: RoutledgeCurzon. ISBN 0-700-71720-X
          • Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). [Siyun-sai Rin-siyo/Hayashi Gahō, 1652], Nipon o daï itsi ran; ou, Annales des empereurs du Japon, tr. par M. Isaac Titsingh avec l'aide de plusieurs interprètes attachés au comptoir hollandais de Nangasaki; ouvrage re., complété et cor. sur l'original japonais-chinois, accompagné de notes et précédé d'un Aperçu d'histoire mythologique du Japon, par M. J. Klaproth. Paris: Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland.... Click link for digitized, full-text copy of this book (in French)

          External links

          • National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection

          
          

          Jōkyō	1st	2nd	3rd	4th	5th
          Gregorian	1684	1685	1686	1687	1688

          Preceded by: Tenna

          Era or nengō: Jōkyō

          Succeeded by: Genroku

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          fr:Ère Jōkyō ja:貞享