Jōō (Edo period)

Jōō (承応, Jōō^?), alternatively read as Shōō, was a Japanese era name (年号,, nengō,^?, lit. "year name") after Keian and before Meireki. This period spanned the years from 1652 through 1655. The reigning emperors were Go-Komyo-tennō (後光明天皇 , Go-Komyo-tennō^?) and Go-Sai-tennō (後西天皇 , Go-Sai-tennō^?).^[1]

Change of era

• Jōō gannen (承応元年, Jōō gannen^?), 1652: The era name was changed to Jōō (meaning "receiving answers"), which was to mark the death of the third shogun, Tokugawa Iemitsu. The previous era ended and a new one commenced in Keian 5, on the 18th day of the 9th month.

The name of this new era came from the Book of the Jin: "The Xia and the Shang dynasties follow their destinies, so the House of Zhou came when it was time." (夏商承運、周氏応期)

Events of the Jōō era

• Jōō 2, on the 12th day of the 8th month (1653): A violent fire destroyed a large part of the Imperial palace and many temples which were nearby. Shortly thereafter, several girls, aged 12-14 years, were imprisoned for having started this fire and others in Heian-kyō.^[2]
  • Jōō 3, on the 6th day of the 7th month (1654): A famous priest, Ingen, arrived at Nagasaki from China. His intention was to reform the practice of Buddhism in Japan.^[2]
    • Jōō 3, on the 20th day of the 9th month (1654): Emperor Go- Kōmyō died of smallpox; and his funereal ceremonies were at Sennyuji (泉涌寺,, senyō-ji^?) on the 15th day of the 10th month.^[3]

      References

      1. ^ Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Annales des empereurs du japon, pp. 412-13.
      2. ^ ^{a b} Titsingh, p. 412.
      3. ^ Titsingh, p. 413; Porter, Robert. (2001). Japan: The Rise of a Modern Power, p. 65.

      
      

      
      

      • Porter, Robert P. (2001). Japan: The Rise of a Modern Power. Boston:Adamant Media. ISBN 1-4021-9690-3
      • Screech, Timon. (2006). Secret Memoirs of the Shoguns: Isaac Titsingh and Japan, 1779-1822. London: RoutledgeCurzon. ISBN 0-700-71720-X
      • Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). [Siyun-sai Rin-siyo/Hayashi Gahō, 1652], Nipon o daï itsi ran; ou, Annales des empereurs du Japon, tr. par M. Isaac Titsingh avec l'aide de plusieurs interprètes attachés au comptoir hollandais de Nangasaki; ouvrage re., complété et cor. sur l'original japonais-chinois, accompagné de notes et précédé d'un Aperçu d'histoire mythologique du Japon, par M. J. Klaproth. Paris: Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. ... Click link for digitized, full-text copy of this book (in French)

      External links

      • National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection
      • Sennyuji Temple Museum -- funereal ceremonies for Emperor Go-Kōmyō
      • Imperial Household web site -- link to image of Emperor Go-Kōmyō's official Imperial misasagii (in Japanese)

      
      

      Jōō	1st	2nd	3rd	4th
      Gregorian	1652	1653	1654	1655

      Preceded by: Keian

      Era or nengō: Jōō

      Succeeded by: Meireki

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      fr:Ère Jōō (1652 - 1655) ja:承応