Manji (era)

Manji (万治, Manji^?) was a Japanese era name (年号,, nengō,^?, lit. "year name") after Meireki and before Kanbun. This period spanned the years from 1658 through 1661. The reigning emperor was Go-Sai-tennō (後西天皇, Go-Sai-tennō^?).^[1]

Change of era

• Manji gannen (万治元年, Manji gannen^?); 1658: The era name was changed to mark a disastrous, great fire in Edo. The previous era ended and a new one commenced in Meireki 4, on the 23rd day of the 7th month 23rd.

The source of this era name comes from the Records of the Grand Historian: "When the common people know their place, then all under heaven is ruled" (衆民乃定、万国為治)

Events of the Manji era

• Manji 1 (1658): In the aftermath of the Great Mereiki Fire, the shogunate organized four all-samurai, all-Edo firefighting squads.^[2]
  • Manji 1 (1658): Yanagisawa Yoshiyasu is born. Yoshiyasu will become Shogun Tsunayoshi's favorite courtier and chief counselor.^[3]
    

    

    Katsushika Hokusai published this view of the Ryōgoku Bridge as an ukiyoe print.
    • Manji 2 (1659): In Edo, construction begins on the Ryogoku Bridge (ryogokubashi).^[1]
      • Manji 3 (1660): Former rojū Sakai Tadakatsu entered the Buddhist priesthood.

      References

      1. ^ ^{a b} Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Annales des empereurs du japon, p. 413.
      2. ^ McClain, James et al. (1994). Edo and Paris: Urban Life and the State in the Early Modern Era, p. xxii.
      3. ^ Bodart-Bailey, Beatrice. (2006). The Dog Shogun: The Personality and Policies of Tokugawa Tsunayoshi, p. 110.

      
      

      
      

      • Bodart-Bailey, Beatrice. (2006). The Dog Shogun: The Personality and Policies of Tokugawa Tsunayoshi. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. ISBN 0-8248-2066-5
      • McClain, James L., John M. Merriman and Kaoru Ugawa. (1994). Edo and Paris: Urban Life and the State in the Early Modern Era. Ithaca: Cornell University Press. ISBN 0-8014-8183-X
      • Screech, Timon. (2006). Secret Memoirs of the Shoguns: Isaac Titsingh and Japan, 1779-1822. London: RoutledgeCurzon. ISBN 0-700-71720-X
      • Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Supplément aux annales des daïri, appended to [Siyun-sai Rin-siyo/Hayashi Gahō (1652)], Nipon o daï itsi ran; ou, Annales des empereurs du Japon, tr. par M. Isaac Titsingh avec l'aide de plusieurs interprètes attachés au comptoir hollandais de Nangasaki; ouvrage re., complété et cor. sur l'original japonais-chinois, accompagné de notes et précédé d'un Aperçu d'histoire mythologique du Japon, par M. J. Klaproth. Paris: Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland.... Click link for digitized, full-text copy of this book (in French)

      External links

      • National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection

      
      

      Manji	1st	2nd	3rd	4th
      Gregorian	1658	1659	1660	1661

      Preceded by: Meireki

      Era or nengō: Manji

      Succeeded by: Kanbun

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      fr:Ère Manji ja:万治