Near-open central vowel

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Vowels

See also: IPA, Consonants

Edit - 2×	Front	Near-front	Central	Near-back	Back
Close	i • y ɨ • ʉ ɯ • u ɪ • ʏ • ʊ e • ø ɘ • ɵ ɤ • o ə ɛ • œ ɜ • ɞ ʌ • ɔ æ ɐ a • ɶ ɑ • ɒ
Near‑close
Close‑mid
Mid
Open‑mid
Near‑open
Open

Where symbols appear in pairs, the one to the right
represents a rounded vowel.

IPA – number	324
IPA – text	ɐ
IPA – image
Entity	ɐ
X-SAMPA	6
Kirshenbaum	&"
Sound sample (help·info)

The near-open central vowel is a type of vowel sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ɐ, and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is 6. The IPA symbol is a upside-down printed letter 'a'.

Features

• Its vowel height is near-open, which means the tongue is positioned similarly to an open vowel, but slightly more constricted.
• Its vowel backness is central, which means the tongue is positioned halfway between a front vowel and a back vowel.
• Its vowel roundedness may be rounded or unrounded. If precision is desired, the symbol for the open-mid central unrounded vowel may be used with a lowering diacritic, for the unrounded near-open central vowel, [ɜ̞], and the symbol for the open-mid central rounded vowel with a lowering diacritic may be used for the rounded near-open central vowel, [ɞ̞].

Occurrence

Notes

References

• Barbosa, Plínio A. & Eleonora C. Albano (2004), "Brazilian Portuguese", Journal of the International Phonetic Association 34 (2): 227-232
• Cruz-Ferreira, Madalena (1995), "European Portuguese", Journal of the International Phonetic Association 25 (2): 90-94
• Ladefoged, Peter (1999), "American English", Handbook of the International Phonetic Association, Cambridge University Press, 41-44
• Padgett, Jaye & Marija Tabain (2005), "Adaptive Dispersion Theory and Phonological Vowel Reduction in Russian", Phonetica 62 (1): 14-54
• Roca, Iggy & Wyn Johnson (1999), A Course in Phonology, Blackwell Publishingbr:Vogalenn damzigor a-greiz plaen

de:Fast offener Zentralvokal [[fr:Voyelle basse supérieure centrale]] [[ko:중설 근저모음]] [[ja:中舌狭めの広母音]] [[pl:Samogłoska prawie otwarta centralna]] pt:Vogal central quase-aberta [[ro:Vocală cvasideschisă centrală]]