Pink

Pink is a pale red color that was first recorded in the 17th century to describe the pale red flowers of pinks, flowering plants in the genus Dianthus. This color stands for beauty, grace and goodness. The color pink itself is a combination of red and white. Other tints of pink may be combinations of rose and white, magenta and white, or orange and white. Pink can also be made by combining red and white (the more white that is added to red, the lighter the tint of the new color, pink).

Roseus is a Latin word meaning "rosy" or "pink." Lucretius used the word to describe the dawn in his epic poem On the Nature of Things (De Rerum Natura). ^[2] The word is also used in the binomial names of several species, such as the Rosy Starling (Sturnus roseus) and Catharanthus roseus.

Pale pink

At right is displayed the color pale pink, a light, desaturated shade of pink.

Pastel pink

At right is displayed the color Pastel pink. In Western culture, pastel pink is used to symbolize baby girls just as baby blue is often used to symbolize baby boys. See the section Pink in gender, below.

Web color pink

At right is displayed web color pink.

This color is similar to the color Tamarisk, the color of the flowers of the Tamarisk plant.^{[citation needed]}

Web color lightpink (medium pink)

At right is displayed the web color lightpink (no space).

However, if proper English usage regarding color nomenclature is to be maintained, since this color has a lower value than "pink", it should really be called medium pink if the web color "pink" (shown above) is accepted as the standard for pink. It comes in many different shades: such as hot pink and rose pink.

Nadeshiko pink

At right is displayed the color nadeshiko pink, called nadeshiko-iro (撫子色) in Japanese.

It is named after the carnation flower (nadeshiko 撫子).

Web color hotpink

At right is displayed the web color hotpink (no space).

Web color deeppink

At right is displayed the web color deeppink (no space).^[3]

Dark pink

At right is displayed the color dark pink, a darker, desaturated shade of pink.

Bright pink

At right is displayed a neutral shade of bright pink.

Shocking pink

Shocking Pink, (also called neon pink) is bold and intense. Fashion designer Elsa Schiaparelli popularized this color in 1936, naming it shocking pink; it was the color of the box her perfume called Shocking came in (the box was shaped like the torso of film star Mae West).

"This intense magenta was called shocking pink in the 1930s, hot pink in the 1950s, and kinky pink in the 1960s...[it] has appeared in the vanguard of more than one youth revolution...to some it sings, to others it screams" ^[4] It is sometimes used as a slang term to refer to the female genitalia, also called the vagina. This color is now again called "shocking pink" to distinguish it from the web color hot pink (shown above). Its appearance is more akin to magenta than it is to traditional pink. This color has always been popular among the avant-garde.

NHRA drag racer, Shirley Muldowney was famous for driving a shocking pink dragster.

On its way into the German language, shocking pink lost the "shocking" and is called only "Pink", while the English color "pink" is referred to as "Rosa". Meanwhile in Portuguese one of its nomenclatures arrived intact becoming "cor-de-rosa choque" ("shocking pink") used more frequently in Brazil. It's also called "çingene pembesi" (Gypsy pink) in Turkish.

Pink in gender

• In Western culture, the practice of assigning pink to an individual gender began in the 1920s^[5]. From then until the 1940s, pink was considered appropriate for boys because it was the more masculine and decided color while blue was considered appropriate for girls because it was the more delicate and dainty color^[6][7]. Since the 1940s, the societal norm apparently inverted so that pink became appropriate for girls and blue appropriate for boys, a practice that has continued into the 21st century^[8].
  • Though the color pink has sometimes been associated with gender stereotypes, some feminists have sought to reclaim it. For example, the Swedish radical feminist party Feminist Initiative uses pink as its color.
  • Pink is the color of the Breast Cancer Awareness ribbon. Pink was chosen partially because it is so strongly associated with femininity. ^[9]
    • It has been suggested that females prefer pink because of an evolutionary preference for reddish things like ripe fruits and healthy faces.^[10][11] This suggestion, however, has been criticized as unsubstantiated. ^[12]

      Pink in sexuality

      • Whereas Jewish people were forced to wear the yellow stars of David under Nazi rule, and Roma people were forced to wear a black triangle, men imprisoned on accusations of homosexuality or same-sex sexual activity were forced to wear a pink triangle. Nowadays, the pink triangle is often worn with pride. ^[13]
        • A Dutch newsgroup about homosexuality is called nl.roze (roze being the Dutch word for pink), while in Britain, Pink News is a leading gay newspaper and online news service. There is a magazine called Pink for the gay, lesbian, bisexual and transsexual (GLBT) community which has different editions for various metropolitan areas. ^[14]
          • In business, the pink pound or pink dollar refers to the spending power of the GLBT community. ^[15] Advertising agencies sometimes call the gay market the pink economy.
            • In Japan the color Cherry Blossom Pink is associated with a woman's vagina, and therefore, in Japan, softcore pornographic films are called pink movies. ^[16]
              • In the bandana code of the gay leather subculture, wearing a pink bandana means that one is into the fetish of playing with dildos. Wearing a dark pink bandana means that one is into tit torture.^[17]

                Pink in human culture

                Image:Pink tulips closed.jpg

                Pink tulips.

                Alcoholism

                • Seeing pink elephants is a euphemism for drunken hallucinations caused by delirium tremens. ^[18]

                  Art

                  • Bubblegum Pink is an installation by the artist duo Bigert & Bergstrom which "confronted [the viewer] with three different mental climates" ^[19] involving large amounts of pink. This mirrors the use of the color in American prisons to calm aggressive prisoners. It features a pink cell and a carpet worn by repetitive pacing. ^[20]
                    • Christo and Jeanne-Claude's Surrounded Islands wrapped wooded islands in Miami's Biscayne Bay with 6,500,000 square feet (604,000 m²) of bright pink fabric. ^[21] Thomas Von Taschitzki has said that "the monochrome pink wrappings"..."form a counterpoint to the small green wooded islands". ^[22]
                      • Many of Franz West's aluminum sculptures were often painted a bright pink, for example Sexualitatssymbol (Symbol of Sexuality). West has said that the pink was intended as an "outcry to nature" and has alluded to phallic associations ^[23].

                        Calendars

                        • In Thailand, pink is associated with Tuesday on the Thai solar calendar. Anyone may wear pink on Tuesdays, and anyone born on a Tuesday may adopt pink as their color.

                        Clothing

                        • Pink is a line of loungeware clothing carried by Victoria's Secret. ^[24]
                          • Pink shirts are now popular throughout Western Civilization, but were not always so. They were once seen as a camp or even homosexual color. At the forefront of the "pink revolution" was a Mr. J. Lewis Ritchie LLB(hons) who is credited by many as the first to popularize the garment.

                          Cosmetics

                          • Mary Kay in 1968, Mary Kay Ash, purchased the first Pink Cadillac, which eventually became the trademark of her company.

                          Education

                          • At the Miraloma Elementary School in San Francisco, California, on 6 September 2007, the principal, Ron Machado, got a pink Mohawk haircut , as he had agreed to do if the students raised the school’s Academic Performance Index by at least 55 points. They raised it by 67 points. ^[25]

                            Film

                            • Pretty In Pink has the color named in the title
                            • In the film, Freaky Friday, Linsday Lohan's character is in a band called "Pink Slip"
                            • Softcore adult films in Japan are often called pink movies because the color cherry blossom pink (shown above) is associated in Japan with the vagina. ^[26]
                              • The Pink Panther is a popular cartoon character.
                              • Pink Cadillac was a 1989 movie starring Clint Eastwood.
                              • Pink Ladies was the name of Betty Rizzo's (Stockard Channing) gang in the film, Grease (film).

                              Finance

                              • Since 1893 the London Financial Times newspaper has used a distinctive salmon pink color for its newsprint, mainly as a way to distinguish itself from competitors. In other countries, the salmon press identifies economic newspapers or economics sections in "white" newspapers.

                              Health

                              • In the pink is an English idiomatic expression for in good condition or in good health.
                              • Thailand's much-revered King Bhumibol Adulyadej, 79, left Bangkok's Siriraj Hospital Wednesday, Nov. 7, 2007, wearing a pink blazer, shirt and tie, to the great confusion of HM's yellow-shirted subjects: as noted above under Calendars, pink is associated with Tuesday on the Thai solar calendar, while yellow is associated with Monday, the day on which HM was born. The English phrase in the pink is largely unknown. Coverage by the Bangkok Post noted that "Thais believe that pink is an auspicious colour for those who were born in the Year of the Rabbit ...[and] the King..."was born under that sign." Whatever the reason for HM's choice, it has caused an upsurge in the sale of pink shirts (published on November 9, 2007).
                              
                              Look up in the pink in
                              Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

                              Literature

                              • In Spanish, a novela rosa ("pink novel") is a sentimental novel marketed to women.

                              Music

                              • P!nk is an American singer-songwriter whose real name is Alecia Moore. ^[27]
                                • "Pink" is a song by Aerosmith.
                                • Under The Pink is an album by Tori Amos.
                                • Pink Floyd is a British progressive rock band.
                                  • Pink Anderson, an American blues musician who served as part of the inspiration for the name of Pink Floyd.
                                • Pink Fairies is a British hard rock band; one of the founding members, Twink released a solo album called Think Pink.
                                • "Think Pink!" is a song from Funny Face.
                                • Pink Cadillac (song) is a 1984 humorous rockabilly song by Bruce Springsteen
                                • Elvis Presley owned what is the most famous Pink Cadillac in the world
                                • Japanese stoner/drone band Boris have a 2005 album called Pink.
                                • Pink Lady was a Japanese female pop music duo of the late 1970s and early 1980s, featuring Mitsuyo Nemoto ("Mie") and Keiko Masuda ("Kei").
                                • Pinky was a Japanese punk rock performer in the early 1990s.
                                • Shocking Blue – whose name may be a gender-reversing play on shocking pink – was a Dutch rock band that was founded in the late 1960s.
                                • The Pink Spiders, an American power pop band.
                                • The Flaming Lips, an alternative/psychedelic band, produced the album Yoshimi Battles The Pink Robots.

                                Parapsychology

                                • It has been asserted that people with pink auras are those who strongly desire romantic relationships.^[28]

                                  Politics

                                  • Pink, being a 'watered-down' red, is sometimes used in a derogatory way to describe a person with mild communist or socialist beliefs (see Pinko).
                                  • In maps of political parties in Portugal, pink is used to represent the Socialist Party.
                                  • The Pink House is the residence of the President of Argentina.
                                  • Code Pink is an anti-war organization co-founded in 2002 by anti-corporate globalization activist Medea Benjamin of the NGO Global Exchange in San Francisco. ^[29]
                                    • The term pink revolution may be used to refer to the overthrow of President Askar Akayev and his government in the Central Asian republic of Kyrgyzstan after the parliamentary elections of February 27 and of March 13 2005, although it is more commonly called the tulip revolution.

                                    Religion

                                    • In Catholicism, pink (called rose by the Catholic Church) symbolizes joy and happiness. It is used for the Third Sunday of Advent and the Fourth Sunday of Lent to mark the halfway point in these seasons of penance. However, in some Protestant denominations, the pink candle is sometimes lit on the Fourth Sunday of Advent, the Sunday of Love.
                                    • Pink is the color most associated with Indian spirtual leader Meher Baba, who often were pink coats to please his closest female follower, Mehera Irani, and today pink remains an important color, symbolizing love, to Baba's followers.
                                    • The Invisible Pink Unicorn is the goddess of a parody religion, a rhetorical tool intended to satirize the

                                    contradictory properties often attributed to deities.

                                    Sonics

                                    • Pink noise (sample (help·info)), also known as 1/f noise, is a signal or process with a frequency spectrum such that the power spectral density is proportional to the reciprocal of the frequency.

                                    Sports

                                    • The University of Iowa's Kinnick Stadium visitors' locker room is painted pink. The decor has sparked controversy, perceived by some people as suggesting sexism and homophobia. ^[30]

                                      Television

                                      • In the TV series Power Rangers and its Japanese counterpart, Super Sentai, pink is a ranger color. The pink rangers are usually the airheaded, though the Power Rangers: Lost Galaxy and Power Rangers: Operation Overdrive, pink rangers are the smart ones of the team. They are always female, and are interchangeable with white.
                                      • In an episode of the hit cartoon series Totally Spies! Clover's mom wears a hot pink catsuit when she becomes a spy.
                                      • In the anime series Pokémon Jigglypuff's body is pink.
                                      • In the anime series Sonic X character Amy Rose has pink hair and fur.Some of her outfits are also in some form of pink.
                                      • In the DiC cartoon series Sonic Underground Sonic's sister Sonia has pink hair and hot pink fur.

                                      Transportation Planning (Rapid Transit)

                                      • The Chicago Transit Authority recently debuted the Pink Line light rail service.
                                      • In the London Underground system, Hammersmith & City Line, running from Hammersmith to Barking is assigned the color pink on the tube map.

                                      Video Games

                                      • In the Pokémon games Jigglypuff's body is pink.
                                        Image:I27.jpg

                                        Amy Rose in her outfit from Sonic Riders
                                      • Amy Rose from the popular Sonic games has pink hair and fur.Her outfit in Sonic Riders has some hot pink on it.

                                      See also

                                      • List of colors
                                      • Hollywood Cerise
                                      • Fuchsia Pink
                                      • Magenta
                                      • Rose
                                      • Pink (singer)
                                      • Pink noise
                                      • Pink Panther

                                      References

                                      1. ^ W3C TR CSS3 Color Module, HTML4 color keywords
                                      2. ^ http://www.ablemedia.com/ctcweb/glossary/glossaryr.html
                                      3. ^ ^{a b c d e}
                                      4. ^ Varley, Helen, editor Color London:1980--Marshall Editions, Ltd. ISBN 0-89535-037-8 Page 139
                                      5. ^ Zucker, Kenneth J. and Bradley, Susan J. (1995). Gender Identity Disorder and Psychosexual Problems in Children and Adolescents. Guilford Press, 203. ISBN 0898622662. 
                                      6. ^ Merkin, Daphne. "Gender Trouble", The New York Times Style Magazine, 12 March 2006, retrieved 10 December 2007.
                                      7. ^ Orenstein, Peggy. "What's Wrong With Cinderella?", The New York Times Magazine, 24 December 2006, retrieved 10 December 2007. Orenstein writes: "When colors were first introduced to the nursery in the early part of the 20th century, pink was considered the more masculine hue, a pastel version of red. Blue, with its intimations of the Virgin Mary, constancy and faithfulness, was thought to be dainty. Why or when that switched is not clear, but as late as the 1930s a significant percentage of adults in one national survey held to that split."
                                      8. ^ http://www.springerlink.com/content/w77382423043083r/
                                      9. ^ Pink Ribbon for Breast Cancer Awareness:
                                      10. ^ http://news.yahoo.com/s/nm/20070820/sc_nm/colour_gender_dc
                                      11. ^ http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn12512-women-may-be-hardwired-to-prefer-pink.html
                                      12. ^ http://www.badscience.net/?p=518
                                      13. ^ The Pink Triangle: The Nazi War Against Homosexuals (1986) by Richard Plant (New Republic Books). ISBN 0-8050-0600-1.
                                      14. ^ Website of Pink magazine:
                                      15. ^ Opportunities in the Pink Economy of the United Kingdom:
                                      16. ^ Weisser, Thomas; Yuko Mihara Weisser (1998). Japanese Cinema Encyclopedia: The Sex Films. Miami: Vital Books : Asian Cult Cinema Publications, p.20. ISBN 1-889288-52-7. 
                                      17. ^ Card showing list of bandana colors and their meanings, available at Image Leather, 2199 Market St., San Francisco, CA 94114
                                      18. ^ Medline Encyclopedia: Delirium Tremens
                                      19. ^ Nemitz, Barbara. Pink The Exposed Color in Contemporary Art and Culture. Hatje Cantz, 88. 
                                      20. ^ Nemitz, Barbara. Pink The Exposed Color in Contemporary Art and Culture. Hatje Cantz, 88. 
                                      21. ^ Goodman, Walter. "Film: Christo, in 'Islands'", The New York Times, 1987-10-16. Retrieved on 2007-10-05. 
                                      22. ^ Nemitz, Barbara. Pink The Exposed Color in Contemporary Art and Culture. Hatje Cantz, 68. 
                                      23. ^ Nemitz, Barbara. Pink The Exposed Color in Contemporary Art and Culture. Hatje Cantz, 69. 
                                      24. ^ Victoria's Secret Pink:
                                      25. ^ Principal Finds Test Scores Hair-Razing:
                                      26. ^ * Domenig, Roland (2002). Vital flesh: the mysterious world of Pink Eiga. Archived from the original on 2004-11-18. Retrieved on 2007-02-19.
                                      27. ^ Official site of singer Pink:
                                      28. ^ Oslie, Pamalie Life Colors: What the Colors in Your Aura Reveal Novato, California:2000--New World Library Page 342
                                      29. ^ Code Pink: Women for Peace on the site of Global Exchange. Accessed 31 January 2007.
                                      30. ^ Controversy regarding pink University of Iowa locker room:

                                      
                                      

                                      External links

                                      • Google Answers – Pink, Why Feminine?
                                      • All About The color Pink
                                      • The History of Color - "Paint the Town Pink"
                                      • a la pink ~ everything pink
                                      • Pink Week: when Pink means Pink
                                      • Pink Junction ~ a blog of pink things

                                      v • d • e Shades of pink
                                      Amaranth	Amaranth pink	Brink pink	Carmine pink	Carnation pink	Cerise	Cerise pink	Cherry blossom pink	Coral pink	Dark pink
                                      Deep carmine pink	Deep pink	French rose	Fuchsia	Fuchsia pink	Hollywood Cerise	Hot magenta	Hot pink	Japanese pink	Lavender pink
                                      Lavender rose	Light thulian pink	Magenta	Medium pink	Mountbatten pink	Persian pink	Persian rose	Pink	Puce	Rose
                                      Rose pink	Salmon pink	Shocking pink	Tea rose	Thulian pink	Ultra pink

                                      v • d • e Shades of red
                                      Alizarin	Amaranth	Burgundy	Cardinal	Carmine	Cerise	Chestnut	Coral red	Crimson	Dark pink
                                      Falu red	Fire engine red	Fuchsia	Magenta	Maroon	Mauve taupe	Orange-red	Persian red	Pink	Persimmon
                                      Red	Red-violet	Rose	Ruby	Rust	Puce	Sangria	Scarlet	Terra cotta	Venetian red
                                      Vermilion

                                      gn:Pytãngy

                                      ay:Pantila ca:Rosa (color) cs:Růžová de:Rosa (Farbe) el:Ροζ es:Rosa (color) eo:Roza fr:Rose (couleur) gd:Bàn-dhearg gl:Rosa (cor) ko:분홍색 id:Merah jambu it:Rosa (colore) he:ורוד jv:Jambon ht:Woz (koulè) la:Puniceus lt:Rausva ln:Rose nl:Roze ja:ピンク no:Rosa nn:Rosa pl:Barwa różowa pt:Cor-de-rosa qu:Llanqha ru:Розовый цвет simple:Pink fi:Vaaleanpunainen sv:Rosa (färg) th:สีชมพู vi:Hồng (màu) tr:Pembe ur:گلابی