Pope Caius

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Caius
Image:PCaius.jpg
Birth name	Caius or Gaius
Papacy began	December 17, 283
Papacy ended	April 22, 296
Predecessor	Eutychian
Successor	Marcellinus
Born	??? ???
Died	April 22, 296 ???

Styles of Pope Caius
Image:Emblem of the Papacy SE.svg
Reference style	His Holiness
Spoken style	Your Holiness
Religious style	Holy Father
Posthumous style	Saint

Pope Saint Caius or Gaius was pope from December 17, 283 to April 22, 296. Christian tradition makes him a native of the Dalmatian city of Solin (Salona), near Split, the son of a man also named Caius, and a member of a noble family related to Diocletian.^[1]

Little information on Caius is available except that given by the Liber Pontificalis, which relies on a legendary account of the martyrdom of St. Susanna for its information. According to legend, Caius baptized the men and women who had been converted by Saint Tiburtius (who is venerated with St. Susanna) and Saint Castulus.^[2] His legend states that Caius took refuge in the catacombs of Rome and died a martyr.^[3]

1 House of Caius
2 Papacy
3 Tomb and burial
4 Veneration as a saint
5 Notes
6 External links

[edit] House of Caius

About 280, an early Christian house of worship was established on the site of Santa Susanna, which, like many of the earliest Christian meeting places, was in a house (domus ecclesiae). The domus belonged, according to the sixth-century acta, to brothers named Caius and Gabinus, prominent Christians. Caius may be this Pope, or Caius the Presbyter. Gabinus is the name given to the father of Saint Susanna. Thus, sources state that Caius was the uncle of Saint Susanna.^[4]

[edit] Papacy

During his pontificate, anti-Christian measures increased, although new churches were built and cemeteries were expanded. He may not have been martyred: Diocletian’s persecution of Christians began in 303 AD, after Caius’ alleged death, and Diocletian was not immediately hostile to Christianity upon becoming emperor.^[5]^[6] As pope, he decreed that before someone could assume the position of bishop, he must first be porter, lector, exorcist, acolyte, subdeacon, deacon, and priest. He also divided the districts of Rome among the deacons.^[7]^[8]

[edit] Tomb and burial

Image:Martyrdom of Pope Caius.jpg

Depiction of the alleged martyrdom of Pope Caius by Lorenzo Monaco. Originally part of the altarpiece of the church of San Gaggio in Florence.

Caius is mentioned in the fourth-century Depositio Episcoporum (therefore not as a martyr): X kl maii Caii in Callisti.^[9]

His tomb, with the original epitaph, was discovered in the catacombs of Callixtus and in it the ring with which he used to seal his letters (see Arringhi, Roma subterr., 1. iv. c. xlviii. p. 426). In 1631, his alleged residence in Rome was turned into a church. However, it was demolished in 1880 to make room for the Ministry of War, on the Via XX Settembre, and his relics were transferred to the chapel of the Barberini family.^[10]

[edit] Veneration as a saint

His feast is on April 22, together with Pope Soter. Saint Caius is portrayed in art wearing the Papal Tiara with Saint Nereus. He is venerated in Dalmatia and Venice.

In Florence, the church of San Gaggio on the via Senese was dedicated to him. In 2003, plans were put into effect to turn it into residential council housing.^[11]