Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic
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Categories: 1917 establishments | 1991 disestablishments | Soviet Republics | History of Ukraine | Ukrainian Revolution | Russian-speaking countries and territories | Ukrainan-speaking countries and territories | Holodomor | Victims of Soviet repressions
The Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic (Ukrainian: Українська Радянська Соціалістична Республіка [УРСР] Ukrayins’ka Radyans’ka Sotsialistychna Respublika [URSR]; Russian: Украинская Советская Социалистическая Республика [УССР] Ukrainskaya Sovetskaya Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika [USSR]), also known as the Ukrainian SSR, the UkSSR and the UkrSSR for short, was a socialist state in Ukraine which became one of the fifteen constituent republics of the Soviet Union.
HistoryAfter the break-up of the Russian Empire, several factions sought to create an independent Ukrainian state, alternately co-operating and struggling against each other. Ukrainian Bolsheviks and Mensheviks first participated in the Ukrainian National Republic (UNR), which declared autonomy, and then independence in 1917. Image:UkrainianSRRmap1933 whitebg.JPG
Ukrainian SSR in 1933, after the Peace of Riga and the consolidation of USSR. Note the rose border line showing the Soviet claims over the former Russian guberniya of Bessarabia
Image:Ukrainian SSR 1940.jpg
Ukrainian SSR in 1940, after the Soviet invasions of Poland and Romania and before the German invasion of Soviet Union. Lacks the Transcarpathia and the Crimea compared to modern Ukraine.
The Bolsheviks favoured federation with Russia, but lacking broad popular support within the UNR, convened a separate congress and declared a Soviet Republic of Ukraine (Respublyka Rad Ukrayiny) on December 25, 1917. Warfare ensued against the UNR, and a series of alliances and conflicts with anarchists and neo-haydamak bands. The Ukrainian Bolsheviks fared poorly at first, being pushed out of Ukraine altogether, and having the government dissolved for two interludes lasting several months (being reformed on November 20, 1918, and December 21, 1919). Eventually, with the support of the Russian Army, the Ukrainian SSR ended up controlling much of Ukrainian territory after the Polish-Soviet Peace of Riga. On December 30, 1922, along with the Russian, Byelorussian, and Transcaucasian republics, the Ukrainian SSR was one of the founding members of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR). In September 1939 Ukrainian SSR was expanded to include West Ukraine, formerly under Polish rule. In 1945 Carpathia region was added as well, In 1932 the government inflicted one of the largest national catastrophes in modern history on Ukrainian nation. A man-made famine or Holodomor caused a direct loss of human life estimated between 2.6 and 3.5 million, while numbers as high as 10 million are sometimes cited in the media.[1] After World War II some amendments to the Constitution of the Ukrainian SSR were accepted, which allowed it to act as a separate subject of international law in some cases and to a certain extent, remaining a part of the USSR at the same time. In particular, these amendments allowed the Ukrainian SSR to become one of founding members of the United Nations (UN) together with the USSR and the Byelorussian SSR. In reality this simply meant giving the Soviet Union extra seats (and votes) in the UN, since the Ukrainian SSR had no independent voice in international affairs. The Ukrainian SSR was renamed Ukraine on August 24, 1991, and split from the USSR on the same day, becoming an independent state. Image:Soviet UA class union.gif
Soviet poster in Ukrainian:The unbreakable union of the workers, peasants and intelligentsia is the social base of the USSR
Leaders of the UkSSRLeaders of the Communist Party (Bolshevik) of Ukraine, and de facto leaders of the republic:
Administrative divisionsThe Ukrainian SSR consisted of many oblasts (provinces) some of which exist to this day, while others were liquidated and merged into other oblasts (see map). The Ukrainian SSR's capital was at first the city of Kharkiv (Kharkov) (from 1918-1934) and from that point on — the city of Kiev (Kyiv), the current capital of Ukraine. In 1954, Crimea was transferred to the UkSSR from the Russian SFSR. OblastsReferences
External links
az:Ukrayna Sovet Sosialist Respublikası br:RSS Ukrania bg:Украинска Съветска Социалистическа Република ca:República Socialista Soviètica d'Ucraïna cs:Ukrajinská sovětská socialistická republika cy:Gweriniaeth Sofietaidd yr Wcráin de:Ukrainische SSR et:Ukraina NSV es:República Socialista Soviética de Ucrania eo:Ukraina soveta socialisma respubliko fr:République socialiste soviétique d'Ukraine gl:República Socialista Soviética de Ucraína ko:우크라이나 소비에트 사회주의 공화국 it:RSS Ucraina lt:Ukrainos TSR hu:Ukrán Szovjet Szocialista Köztársaság nl:Oekraïense Socialistische Sovjetrepubliek ja:ウクライナ・ソビエト社会主義共和国 no:Ukrainske SSR pl:Ukraińska Socjalistyczna Republika Radziecka pt:República Socialista Soviética da Ucrânia ro:Republica Sovietică Socialistă Ucrainiană ru:Украинская Советская Социалистическая Республика fi:Ukrainan sosialistinen neuvostotasavalta sv:Ukrainska SSR vi:Cộng hòa Xã hội Chủ nghĩa Xô viết Ukraina uk:Українська Радянська Соціалістична Республіка | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
