Umm el-Qa'ab

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General view of area, showing littering of pots

Umm el-Qa'ab (sometimes Umm el Ga'ab, Arabic: أم القعاب‎) is the necropolis of the Early Dynastic^[1] kings at Abydos, in Egypt^[2]. Its modern name means 'Mother of Pots', as the whole area is littered with the broken pot shards of offerings made in later times (see picture).

Pre-Dynastic Tombs

• U-j – Unknown noble, but possibly Serket I from scorpion insignia found in tomb
• B1/B2 – Iry-Hor^[3]
  • B7/B8/B9 – Ka

  First Dynasty Tombs

  Image:Ummal-qaab.png

  250px

  Known as Cemetery B, this area contains the tombs of the kings of the First dynasty of Egypt and the last 2 kings of the Second.

  • B17/B18 – Narmer^[4]
    • B10/B15/B19 – Aha^[5]
      • O – Djer^[6]
        • Z – Djet^[7]
          • Y – Merneith^[8]
            • T – Den^[9]
              • X – Anedjib^[10]
                • U – Semerkhet^[11]
                  • Q – Qa'a^[12]

                    Second Dynasty Tombs

                    The last 2 kings of the Second Dynasty returned to be buried near to their ancestors - they also revived the practice of building mud-brick funerary enclosures nearby.

                    • P – Peribsen^[13]

                      A seal found in this tomb contains the first full sentence written in hieroglyphs ^[14].

                      • V – Khasekhemwy^[15]

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                        Khasekhemwy's tomb

                        This tomb was on a massive scale, with several interconnecting mud-brick chambers, and the actual burial chamber being constructed of dressed limestone blocks.

                        When excavated by Petrie, in 1901 it contained a sceptre made from sard and banded with gold, limestone vases with golden covers, and a ewer and basin of bronze.

                        References

                        1. ^ [1] Tombs of kings of the First and Second Dynasty
                        2. ^ Toby Wilkinson, Early Dynastic Egypt, Routledge, 1999
                        3. ^ [2] Abydos, Tomb of King Iry-Hor
                        4. ^ [3] Narmer's Tomb
                        5. ^ [4] Hor-Aha's Tomb
                        6. ^ [5] Tomb O
                        7. ^ [6] Tomb Z
                        8. ^ [7] Tomb Y
                        9. ^ [8] Tomb T
                        10. ^ [9] Tomb X
                        11. ^ [10] Tomb U
                        12. ^ [11] Tomb Q
                        13. ^ [12] Abydos Tomb P
                        14. ^ [13] Peribsen' tomb
                        15. ^ [14] Abydos Tomb V

                        
                        

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                        Coordinates: 26°11′N, 31°55′Ede:Umm el-Qaab es:Umm el-Qaab fr:Umm el-Qa'ab pl:Umm al-Kaab